![]() ![]() ![]() The specific notable side effects of toxic levels of theobromine in animals include – vomiting, diarrhea, increased urination, muscle twitching, hyperactive behavior, excessive panting, dehydration, digestive problems, seizures, and rapid heart rate. This causes the above effects to be much more severe than is the case of humans. In the human body, theobromine levels are halved between 6-10 hours after consumption.ĭogs, horses, cats, and other animals cannot metabolize theobromine quickly. These signs can progress to epileptic seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, heart attacks, internal bleeding, and eventually death. Other signs may include hyperirritability, hyperexcitability (an excessive reaction to stimuli), excessive panting, tachycardia (a rapid heart rate), muscle twitching, and ataxia (a lack of muscle coordination). The first signs of chocolate poisoning are vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and increased urination. The poisoning may result from the acute or chronic consumption of large quantities of chocolate, particularly in the elderly. The amount found in chocolate is small enough that chocolate can, in general, is safely consumed by humans. It is an overdose reaction to the xanthine alkaloid theobromine. Symptoms Of Theobromine Poisoning (Or Chocolate Poisoning) In Humans And Its Side Effects High-quality chocolate tends to contain more of this compound than lower-quality chocolate.įurthermore, it is also present in the leaves of the tea plant and cola nuts, Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba mate), and the guarana berry. Theobromine levels are higher in dark chocolates (approximately 10 g/kg) and lower in milk chocolates (1-5 g/kg). Different types of chocolate contain different amounts of this substance. It is mainly found in cocoa beans (approximately 25 g/kg) and, consequently in chocolate. This compound has a bitter taste and is the main ingredient in chocolate. It is also known as Riddovydrin, Riddospas, Santheose, Theobrominum, Seominal, Theominal, and Theoguardenal. It shares a very much alike structure to that of another well-known purine and xanthine derivative, known as caffeine, except it contains one more methyl group. It was first discovered in 1841 in cacao beans by Russian chemist Alexander Voskresensky. Its name is derived from the name of the cacao tree genus and doesn’t contain bromine (a chemical element, symbol Br), as its name might indicate. Methylxanthines naturally occur in as many as 60 different plant species and include theophylline (the primary methylxanthine in tea) and caffeine (the primary methylxanthine in coffee). Theobromine, a diuretic drug and a major constituent of cocoa, belongs to a class of alkaloid molecules known as methylxanthines. Theobromine Poisoning Side Effects & Theobromine vs Caffeine: ![]()
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